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DACHI

Stance

DAI

Large, big

DAIGO TOSHIRO (1926 -) KODOKAN10^th Dan

Japanese JUDO fighter and instructor who in 1950 was promoted to 6^th DAN, the youngest JUDOKA to be awarded this grade at the time. His powerful build and fine technique, particularly a neat KOUCHI-GARI brought him success in the early 1950’s. He won the ALL JAPAN JUDO CHAMPIONSHIPS twice /1951, 1954/ and the Tokyo Championship in 1950 and 1951. He graduated from the Tokyo University of Education, and later became the chief instructor at the KODOKAN for many years, and was the manager of the Japanese JUDO team at the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal, and at the 1984 Olympic Games in Los Angeles. In 1992, he received the rank of KODOKAN 10^th DAN. He has published several textbooks on JUDO

For Reading

Daigo, Toshiro : Francoise White, " Kodokan Judo : Throwing techniques ", Tokyo, Japan,

Kodansha Europe, 2005, 285p, 27 cm, SK, ISBN 0875231438

Teizo Kawamura and Toshiro Daigo, Kodokan New Japanese-English Dictionary of Judo, Kodokan Judo Institute, 2000

DAKI-AGE (high lift)

A throwing technique, classified as a hip technique. High lift, a technique in which the opponent is raised from the mat. This technique is not permitted in RANDORI or tournaments.

DAKIOTOSU (To hug and lift up then throw down)

To hug and lift your opponent, then throw him/her to the mat.

DAKI WAKARE (high lift and separate)

A sacrifice. When UKE attempts to assume a face-down kneeling position, slip both arms around UKE’s trunk from behind to float him up and fall to the side to throw him over you.

DAN (steps, stairs, a rung)

Means „step” and is generally identified by the black belt. This system was invented by Honinbo Dosaku (1645-1702), professional go player in the EDO JIDAI (Period). KANO JIGORO (founder of KODOKAN JUDO) introduced the new ranking system (dan) around 1884. But in 1886 KANO moved his residence again to Fujimi-cho, where DOJO students with DAN rankings first began wearing black belts as a sign of their status. There were three advanced ranks at the beginning. Today the grades range from 1^st grade to 10^th grade. Special hampionhtypes of belts (OBI) are worn by high-grade practitioners like the red-and-white belt from 6^th troguht 8^th grades and the red belt for 9^th and 10^th grades.

“Dr. KANO JIGORO, an educator and sports enthusiast, was the first to use the black belt of sash as a symbol for dan or graded rank students at his school, the KODOKAN:…”

“… Dr. KANO borrowed the concept from Japanese high school sports. Advanced competitors were separated from beginners in swimming tournaments by a black ribbon worn around their waist. As an distinguished educator and sports enthusiast, Dr. KANO was most certainly aware of this tradition and may have incorporated it into his practices at the KODOKAN.” (by Don Cunningham)

SHODAN: first degree black belt
Nidan: second degree black belt
Sandan: third degree black belt
Yodan: fourth degree black belt
Godan: fifth degree black belt
Rokudan: sixth degree red and white belt
Nanadan: seventh degree red and white belt (also, Shichidan)
Hachidan: eight degree red ans white belt
Kudan: ninth degree red belt
Judan: tenth degree red belt

For READING

Parulski, George R., “Black belt judo”, Chicago, USA, Contemporay Books, 1985, 210p, ISBN 0809253267.

Ohlenkamp, Neil. “The Judo Rank System (http://www.judoinfo.com/obi.htm)”

Ohlenkamp, Neil, “Black belt Judo skills and techniques”, London, United Kingdom, New Holland, 2006, 160p, LIB, ISBN 1845371097.

DANTAISEN (team competion)

Series of matches played between two teams instead of among individual competitors.

DEASHI (forward/lead foot)

The foot that is forward.

DEASHI BARAI/HARAI (forward foot sweep)

A foot technique throw. 1^st technique of GOKYO. In this technique, you force your opponent to step forward, then sweep his advancing foot out from under him. When your timing is right, the opponent will fall down as if he had slipped. It is a new technique in JUDO it was created by the founder.

Combination Techniques: OUCHI GARI

TAI OTOSHI

MOROTE SEOINAGE

Counter Techniques: TSUBAME GAESHI

Favourite technique of Anton GEESINK

Olympic Gold Medallist (Tokyo, 1964)

World Champion (1961, 1965)

Udo QUELLMALZ

Olympic Gold Medallist (Atlanta, 1996)

World Champion (1991, 1995)

DEBANA (instant of opportunity)

Generally the instant something begins to move,act, or interact, but in JUDO refers specifically to an opportunity to break your opponent’s balance at the instant he begins to advance or attack.

DEKISHI

Treatment for drowning victims (see KAPPO)

DENKO

Hypochondrium

DENKO KEIJIBAN (electronic scoreboard)

A large electronic scoreboard used to display revelant match time and score data.

DERU IPPON

To score a point against your opponent as he/she comes forward at beginning of bout.

DESHI

Pupil, follower

JUDO meant “gently way”. The “DO” ending had enormous philosophical meaning. It was Japanese for the Chinese word “Tao”.

The do form of martial art was a new concept. In place of older accumulations of technical skills, JUDO linked these technical applications to the idea of philosophy and ethical application. The idea in Tao was to create a “natural man” free of prejudices, but bound by the development of character. KANO JIGORO saw in British Philosopher Herbert Spencer s ideas of mutual effort in society to create a better society the modern, practical expression of these ancient Chinese concepts, and “mutual welfare and benefit” was a natural expression of how KANO believed individuals in society should function. JUDO was meant, in its most basic elements, to be a physical expression of an ideal human society.

DO JIME ( body scissors)

A technique in which the UKE’s torso is squeezed with one’s legs. Illegal competition or RANDORI technique. (See IJF CONTEST RULES Article 27/21)

DOJO Exercise hall (lit. means “a place to learn the way”)

The name being borrowed from the Buddhist nomenclature. The place was used for meditation and other spiritual exercises in every monastery and convent. The traditional dojo if floored with mats made for JUDO called TATAMI. The side where the instructors are is called the Kamiza. On the left of the Kamiza stand the highest grades and on the right the lesser grades.

Etiquette in the DOJO

Before and after practicing JUDO or engaging in a match, UKE and TORI bow to each other. Bowing is an expression of gratitude and respect. (See also REI, RITSUREI)

DORI/TORI

Attacker

DOTAI (falling together; a dogfall)

A situation in which two competitors fall together simultaneously after both have applied techniques at the same time, resulting in no score.

DRAEGER, DONN F. (1922-1985)

Martial arts author, historian, and pioneer Draeger is regarded as the foremost Western scholar of the Japanese classical disciplines, in which he holds numerous black belt ranks and teaching licenses Draeger has lived in Japan, China Mongolia, Korea, Malaysia, and Indoesia. His works include: Practical Karate (six volumes), JUDO for Young Man, Pentjak-Silat, Weapons & Fighting Art of the Indonesian Archipelago, Classical Bujutsu, Classical Budo, Modern Budo & Bujutsu, and with Robert W. Smith, Asian fighing Arts. Scientific weight training were introduce to the Japanese by Donn DRAEGER, who studying JUDO and training at the KODOKAN. He collaborated with Ishikawa Takahiko, one of KIMURA Mashiko’s great adversaries, on a book called ‘Judo Training Methods’.A number of high-level Japanese competitors came to DRAEGER for advice, among the first of them INOKUMA Isao. DRAEGER taught him to train with them in a planned and systematic progression. In 1967 Draeger doubled for actor Sean Connery and was a stunt choreographer for the James Bond film You Only Live Twice. He has for some time been engaged in research for his doctoral dissertation in hoplology, the science of weapons. (See BOOKS on JUDO)

Miklos Ungvari (HUN)

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