Dictionary M
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MAAI (Combative interval)
The proper distance will enable you to attack easily, while preventing your partner from doing so. The proper distance, which provides this opportunity, is achieved by facing each other and stretching your right/left hands forward so that you almost touch each other’s finger tips.
MAE
The front, forward
MAEDA MITSUYO (1878-1941)
He joined the KODOKAN in 1897. An extraordinary learner, by 1903, Maeda advanced to fourth DAN, winning several leading JUDO tournaments in the process. He went to USA with TOMITA in 1904. Maeda and Tomita soon opened a JUDO club in New York City.
Maeda turned to American professional wrestling in 1906. The 5’5”, 154-pound Maeda was said, some 1,000 challenge matches against all-comers, never once losing a JUDO-style competition. He settled in Brazil in 1915 and he was feted as Conte Comte (Count Combat) and now his system of fighting, now called “Gracie JUJUTSU”. In 1929, the KODOKAN promoted Maeda to sixth DAN in JUDO. He died in 1941, at the age of 63. His promotion to seventh DAN in JUDO was dated in 1941, so the certificate arrived after his death. The KODOKAN did not forget his contributions to the growth of JUDO to Brazil. Japan dedicated a stone memorial to him in Hirosaki City.
For READING
Gorsuch, Mark. (2002). Mitsuyo Maeda (Count Coma) biography, http: //bjj.org/interviews/maeda.html.
MAE GERI
Front kick (movement in GO NO KATA). A self defense technique in the GOSHIN JUTSU KATA (See KATAs of JUDO).
MAE MAWARI UKEMI (Forward rolling breakfall)
Rolling breakfall taken to protect the body when thrown to the front.
MAE UKEMI (Forward Breakfall)
Breakfall taken to protect the body when thrown to the front. Considered unrealistic since in judoists are generally thrown powerfully onto their backs.
MAKI
Winding, wrapping
MAKIKOMU (to wrap)
To throw in such a way that part of UKE’s body wraps around yours as part of your technique, a common element in many sacrifice techniques.
MAKIKOMI WAZA (Wrapping Techniques)
A general classification for side sacrifice throwing techniques in which parts of the TORI’s body are completely entwined wrapped by UKE as part of the throw.
MAKI-TOMOE
Winding in a circle
MAKURA-KESA-GATAME (Pillow scarf hold)
A ground-work technique (NE-WAZA). In which pressure is brought on the side of the ribcage. TORI spreads his/her legs forward and backward to apply the pressure, aided by the arms gripping the neck and shoulder. Sometimes called a “pillow” (Makura) grip. This hold is also called URA-KESA-GATAME or KASHIRA-GATAME. The first version above is classified by the KODOKAN as KUZURE-KESA GATAME and HON-KESA-GATAME.
MASUTEMI WAZA (Rear body-drop throws)
Masutemi waza are often used to bring the UKE to the TATAMI and apply KATAME-WAZA (grappling techniques), which, if unbroken or painful enough, can earn the TORI a victory. Techniques of Ma Sutemi Waza, OBITORI GAESHI, SUMI GAESHI, TAWARA GAESHI, TOMOE NAGE, URA NAGE. (See also SUTEMI WAZA, NAGE NO KATA).
HIKIKOMI GAESHI,
MA-ITTA (“I give up”)
This is said when one of two contestants admits that he/she is defeated. (See INTERNATIONAL JUDO FEDERATION CONTEST RULES).
MATE! (From the verb ‘Matsu’, to wait)
A word often used by the referee in a contest while awaiting a decision. (See IJF CONTEST RULES, Article 17, and 8/9)
MAWARI GEIKO (Round-robin practice)
A practice method in which judoists line up in two rows facing one another, train together for a time, then shift one of the rows to give everyone a new training partner.
MAWASHI TSUKI (hook punch)
Movement 8 in GO NO KATA (See Sec. KATAS of JUDO)
MEIJI-ISSHIN (Meiji Restoration)
Revolution in 1868 that defeated the EDO shogunate and brought Emperor Mutsuhito (Meiji) to power. The capital was moved from Kyoto to EDO, and the latter city was renamed Tokyo.
MEIJI JIDAI (A historic era from 1868 to 1912)
The birth of KODOKAN JUDO came as an accretion, not as an eruption. An imperial edict issued in 1868 had announced the Meiji Ishin, a course of modernization, commonly translated as “the Meiji Restoration” and named for the restoration of official control of the government to the emperor.
MIDARE GEIKO (Free Training Practice)
Older term for RANDORI GEIKO, the JUDO practice method in which opponents attempt to apply their favored techniques freely at will instead of performing agreed-upon KATA.
MIDORI
Green
MIGI
Right (Direction)
MIGI ERI DORI
Right-lapel hold
MIGI JIGOTAI
Right defensive posture.
MIGI KAMAE (Right stance)
A standing posture taken in JUDO prior to performing techniques, assumed by advancing the right foot forward from either SHIZENTAI (Natural posture) or JIGOTAI (Defensive posture)
MIGI SHIZENTAI
Right natural posture
MIFUNE, KYUZO (1883-1965) Kodokan 10th Dan
He joined the KODOKAN in 1903 and remained a member until his death. When he came to Tokyo to attend Waseda University, and became the close disciple of Jigoro KANO, the father of JUDO. After 15 months, he achieved ShoDAN (1st Degree) in KODOKAN JUDO, and after the remarkably short time of four more months, NiDAN (2nd Degree). Though timing and speed, Mifune quickly gained a reputation, and was never defeated. By 1912, he was a RokyuDAN (6th Degree) and an instructor at a number of universities, high schools, and junior high schools. In 1945, he was elevated to JuDAN (10th), the fourth of seven men to ever be so honored. After developing many new JUDO techniques and variations, he came to be known as the “God of JUDO”. In 1956, he wrote his classic book, Canon of JUDO, still a remarkable exposition of JUDO history, philosophy, and technical description. His influence on post-war JUDO cannot be underestimated. His skill was perhaps the most elegant ever seen at the KODOKAN. He passed away in 1965 at the age of eighty-two. At his hometown, Kuji, a Memorial Gymnasium was erected in his honor, called the MifunejuDAN. (See Sec. BOOKS on JUDO)
MIKAGE
The Father of JUDO, KANO Jigoro was born on October 28, 1860, in Mikage, a village located in what is now part of the city of Kobe. The KANO Family moved to the new capital of Tokyo in 1869.
MIZU
“Water”
MIZU-IRI
Water holder (See YOKO WAKARE)
MIZU GURUMA
Waterwheel. A throwing technique in KOSHIKI NO KATA. (See KATAS of JUDO)
MIZU-NAGARE (Water flow)
A hand technique throw in KOSHIKI NO KATA (See KATAS of JUDO)
MOCHI-AGE OTOSHI
Lift and Drop. (See DAKI AGE)
MOHAN RANDORI (Model free practice; model randori)
Free sparring matches performed to provide correct examples of techniques and strategies.
MOKUSO
A recuperative and meditative posture, sometimes assumed at the end of martial arts training or contest.
MONDO (questions and answers; a dialogue)
In monateries of ZEN sects, dialogue, sometimes seemingly illogical, undertaken between a master (SENSEI) and his disciple to bring the latter to enlightenment and a true understanding of the intimate nature of things and of Divinity.
MONTEI (Student; pupil)
General term for student or pupil.
MOROTE
Both hands, two handed
MOROTE GARI (Two-handed reap)
A hand technique throw. TORI throws UKE down by taking hold of both of his/her legs together, when UKE is in standing form. Robert Van Der Walle Olympic (Moscow, 1980) and European Champion (1985, 1986) was principally known for his MOROTE-GARI, his two-leg pick up which he did on most opponents from the beginning to the end of his career.
MOROTE-SEOI-NAGE (Two-handed shoulder throw)
A hand technique throw. It is properly called morote-seoi-nage, however, SEIO-NAGE is the commonly used term. The principle of this technique is the same as in IPPON-SEOI-NAGE except for the use of your right arm. Also known as NIHON-SEOINAGE, ERI-SEOINAGE and SEOI-GOSHI.
Waldemar Legien (1963- ) Polish contestant twice Olympic Champion (Seoul 1988, Barcelona 1992), European Champion (1990) his strong technique was MOROTE-SEOI-NAGE.
MOROTE TSUKI (Two-hand Thrust Against Stick)
A hand technique in GOSHIN JUTSU KATA. (See KATAS of JUDO)
MUDANSHA
A pupil of JUDO who has only KYU level grades.
MUGA MUSHIN (“no self, no thought”)
Implying without mind and without minding.It is a state of indifference which frees one from the thought.
MUKO (No effect; no point)
A lack of effect of an apparent technique, used especially to describe a technique that seemed effective but subsequently was judged not to have been.
MUNAKATA ITSURO (1866-1941) 7th DAN
Itsuro Munakata came to Tokyo in 1883, and entered Kodokan in 1884. At the same time, he also entered the
Kano Juku Tutoring School and the Kobunkan.
In September of 1886, he became superintendent of the Kano Juku Juvenile School. He later taught at the Kyoto Nishi-hongan-ji Temple's Daigakurin's literary dormitory in Kyoto, followed by posts
as a KODOKAN supervisor in September of 1891, headmaster at Omura Junior High School in Nagasaki Prefecture (1893), teacher at the Advanced Teachers Training School (Sept., 1896), headmaster at
the Unebi Junior High School (May, 1900), teacher at the Tokyo Advanced Teachers Training School (July, 1907).
He later served at headmaster at the Shonai Junior High School and the Sendai First Junior High School where he actively promoted both education and Judo. In April of 1920, he returned to KODOKAN
as a supervisor and dedicated himself to teaching JUDO and handling KODOKAN affairs.
Mr. Munakata died in 1941 at the age of 76.
MUNE
Chest
MUNE GARAMI
Chest entanglement (See UDE-GARAMI)
MUNE GATAME (Chest hold)
A groundwork (NE-WAZA) technique of controlling UKE at the side of the chest. Classified by KODOKAN as YOKO-SHIHO-GATAME.
Anton GEESINK (1934 -) Olympic and twice World Champion won his first world title in Paris in 1961, throwing the reigning Koji Sone (1929- ) and finally holding him with MUNE GATAME.
MUNE-OSHI (Chest push)
Hand technique in JU NO KATA (See KATAS of JUDO)
MUKO (No effect, No point)
A lack of effect of an apparent technique, used especially to describe a technique that seemed effective but subsequently was judged not to have been.
MURA-RYU
(See YOSHIN RYU)
MUSHIN
An empty or clean mind, a mind not fixed on anything and open to everything